A central European multi-ethnic empire that existed from 1867 to 1918, Austria-Hungary was a dual monarchy consisting of two distinct states: the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary, as well as much of what is today Czechia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia-Herzogovina, as well as parts of Italy, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, and Serbia. Each had its own constitution, government, and administrative structures, but they were united under a single monarch, Franz Joseph I, who held the titles of Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary. [...]
A language historically spoken by Ashkenazi European Jews. Yiddish is linguistically closely related to German but is written using Hebrew characters, reflecting the combined influence on medieval Jewish communities of the German-speaking environment around them, as well as the ancient languages of Jewish religious texts, Hebrew and Aramaic. Yiddish developed around the 10th century in the Rhineland area; as Jewish populations moved further into Eastern Europe, elements of Slavic languages were integrated into Yiddish. [...]
The deadliest international conflict in history, World War II was fought from 1939 to 1945 between two major alliances: the Axis (primarily Nazi Germany, fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan) and the Allies (primarily the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, and France). An estimated 60 million people--military personnel and civilians worldwide--were killed during the war. [...]
Also known as the Great War, World War I (1914-1918) was one of the deadliest conflicts in history. The war pitted two major alliances against one another: The Allies (France, Britain, Russia, Italy, and later the United States) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria). It was primarily fought in Europe, with key fronts in France and Belgium and in Eastern Europe, as well as in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. [...]
An international financial institution established in 1944 to create an international framework for post-war economic cooperation and reconstruction. The World Bank provides financial and technical assistance to developing countries in the form of loans, grants, and expertise for development projects in areas such as infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture that are aimed at reducing poverty and promoting economic growth.
