Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from May 1937 - May 1940. In the leadup to World War II, Chamberlain pursued a policy of "appeasement" with Hitler's Germany. He negotiated the Munich Agreement in September 1938, which ceded the German-speaking Sudenland region of Czechoslovakia to Germany in exchange for Hitler's assurances of peace. Chamberlain resigned in 1940, after the outbreak of World War II proved the failure of appeasement. He was succeeded as prime minister by Winston Churchill.
Adolf Hitler was the leader of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP, Nazi Party) and the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945.
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Chinese communist revolutionary leader and founding member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). From 1946 until the Communist victory in 1949, Mao led Communist forces in a civil war against the Chinese nationalist government under Chiang Kai-Shek. Mao proclaimed the People’s Republic of China in October 1949 and led the country as chairman of the CCP until his death in 1976.
Leader of the Kuomintang Chinese Nationalist Party and head of the Chinese government from 1928-1949. After the Japanese defeat in World War II, a civil war broke out in China between the Communists under Mao Zedong and the nationalist Kuomintang, who were defeated in 1949.
A commander of the Vilna ghetto underground resistance group, United Partisan Organization (Fareynegte Partizaner Organizatsye, FPO). In 1943, Wittenberg was arrested by the Gestapo but then escaped. When the Gestapo threatened to destroy the ghetto if he did not return, Wittenberg gave himself up and committed suicide in prison.
