Hitler's paramilitary SS (Schutzstaffel) establish the first concentration camp near Dachau for political opponents of the regime. Dachau remains in operation from 1933-1945. Over 200,000 people are imprisoned and estimated 41,500 are murdered during this period.
President Paul von Hindenburg appoints Hitler chancellor on the recommendation of political advisers, who believe they can manipulate Hitler for their own political purposes. During the next 18 months, Hitler and his Nazi appointees consolidate power and take over all mechanisms of governance.
Hitler, released after 9 months in prison for treason, declares the return of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) at Munich's Bürgerbräukeller, the site of the Nazi Putsch against the democratically elected government in 1923. Hitler, who aims to gain power through elections, and then establish a Nazi dictatorship, designates himself Führer (leader).
His parents, Samuel and Gertrud Marcus, name their son Fritz Werner Marcus. He will later change his name to Fred Marcus.
