gmina
Polish word meaning community or association, related to the German "Gemeinde."
Polish word meaning community or association, related to the German "Gemeinde."
A traditional Jewish academy for young men where they engage in rigorous study of biblical and rabbinic texts.
The unified armed forces of Germany from 1935 and 1945.
A form of government that prohibits opposition of any kind and demands the complete subordination of individual life to the state's authority.
A prayer shawl traditionally worn by males aged 13 and up in traditional Judaism. The garment contains four corners, each of which contains a ritual fringe as stipulated in the Hebrew Bible, and is generally worn draped over the shoulders during prayer.