Unter den Linden, Berlin (Germany)
A main boulevard through the center of Berlin, the capital of Germany.
International Settlement Shanghai
Refers to a historical district in Shanghai established in 1863 under the jurisdiction of Western foreign powers. The British established a presence within the city of Shanghai to facilitate trade in the 19th century. They were later joined by other countries, including the U.S., France, Italy, Denmark and Germany. A treaty with the Chinese government established a self-governing International Settlement at Shanghai. Because of its status as a free port under international administration, Shanghai—and the International Settlement specifically–became a destination for many Jewish refugees from the late 1930s until the city fell under Japanese control in 1941.
Rosenstrasse Demonstration
For several weeks in February-March 1943, non-Jewish family members of Jews detained during the Fabrikaktion (Factory Action) roundup of February 27, 1943 protested outside a building at Rosenstrasse 2-4 in Berlin. Their demonstation, one of the only public protests against the treatment of the Jews in Germany under the Nazis, continued until March 6 when many of the detained were freed.
Oranienburg concentration camp (Germany)
Concentration camp established in March 1933 in the small city of Oranienburg some 12 miles north of Berlin. One of the earliest Nazi concentration camps, Oranienburg was initially run by the SA and was known for the brutal mistreatment of prisoners, who were primarily political opponents of the Nazi regime. The camp was closed in 1934. In 1936, the SS established the Sachsenhausen concentration camp just outside of Oranienburg.
White Russia
White Russia is the literal translation of Belaya Rus’, today known as Belarus. The eastern European country is located between Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia.